Native Plants at Dragonfly Gardens

Spring 2023

Our native plant retail greenhouse will be open for shopping May 14, 2023.

Pulled orders will be ready for pick-up by approximately May 21. Please keep in mind that the average last frost date in our area is May 11. If greenhouse-grown plants are subjected to a hard frost it will most likely damage them, so we don’t recommend planting out before this date. Much of our spring stock has been overwintered outdoors and allowed to come out of winter dormancy naturally. For this reason it is well hardened-off but a little slower in coming, which is why we need time to let it grow. You may put in orders anytime, but this is not necessary for purchasing native plants. Pre-ordering is preferred for larger orders of a half-flat of the same species or more. If you are purchasing smaller quantities, please feel free to come and shop our new, expanded native retail area.

Why Native Plants?

Shoreline restoration
Slope stabilization
Food & habitat for birds and wildlife
Host plants & forage for pollinators
Low maintenance, climate resilient landscaping
Improved water infiltration & lake health

Carrying on the Tradition of Great Plants and Great Service

Large selection of varieties of native plants
We are growers! Local seed and plant sources
Top picks for rain gardens, prairies, wetlands, & woodlands - let us help you choose the perfect plants for your habitat
Healthy plants at a great value - we won't sell it if it's not ready
In-store appointments, & delivery are available - if you have a large order please call ahead so we can have it ready
Expertise - we have provided plants for both small and large projects all across Wisconsin and Minnesota
Consistent Availability throughout the season

Our Native Plants

We grow a large selection of species of native grasses, perennials, ferns, shrubs and trees. We specialize in providing plants for rain gardens, wildflower gardening and prairie, forest and lake edge restorations. We grow from seed collected in northern Wisconsin and Minnesota or purchased from native seed companies in MN and WI. Potted native shrubs, trees and ferns are purchased as bare root stock from regional nurseries.

Availability

Many species are available throughout the growing season of June-October. When your selected species is not available, we are happy to suggest an appropriate substitute or notify you when it is available. We can custom grow if the size you require is not offered. Please give us 12+ weeks lead-time so we can meet your needs.

Delivery and Ordering

Delivery is available with rates depending on distance and order size. Plant pick up is always welcome. Please make an appointment for plant pick up so we can provide you personalized attention and advice. Ordering ahead is strongly encouraged for large orders so we can check availability and ensure your plants are ready upon your arrival.

Delivery is available with a $1,000 minimum order within a 60 mile radius of the greenhouse. Delivery charge is $2.50 per mile (one way), with a surcharge of $75 for orders requiring an additional trailer. We will work with multiple customers to make combined deliveries to achieve this minimum when feasible. Smaller orders may be delivered for an additional fee within 25 miles of our greenhouse.

**PLEASE give us two days notice for native orders**

Pre-order minimum for 2" pots is 1/2 flat (16 pots) of each species. If you need fewer than 16 2" pots of any one species, you are welcome to shop in our retail area.

For orders less than 5 flats, a $10 Hold Fee will be added. Orders larger than 5 flats will have a $25 pull/picking fee. We also as for a 25% down payment on orders over $500.

Our retail area can be shopped at anytime for smaller quantities.

We are sorry but we do not ship plants USPS or other carriers.

2023 Pricing

Size	Price
2 Inch Pots (32 pots/flat)	$3.00 each $60/Full Flat of Single Species $75/Mix and Match Full Flat
2 Inch Pot Pre-Designed Collection (32 pots/flat)	$80
3 Inch Specialty Natives Pots	$7/pot
4 Inch Pots (10 per flat) variable species	$6.00/pot $54/Flat of Mix and Match
6 Inch Pots	$12/pot
1 Gallon Shrub	$20.00
2 Gallon Shrub	$30.00
3 Gallon Shrub	$40.00

**Orders less than 5 flats will have a $10 Hold Fee.

**Orders over 5 flats will have a $25 Pulling Fee.

**25% Down Payment on orders over $500

Questions? Or ready to place an order?

Contact: natives@dragonflygardens.net or 715-554-7219

The sortable tables below reflect the inventory for the 2023 Season.

Please remember that plants are living things so everything in our catalog may not be available at all times. We'd be happy to answer your questions about current availability. If we don't have what you're looking for, we can let you know when it might be ready or suggest a good substitution. Check out our Native Species Recommendations for some ideas!

*Sizing, Availability and Price Subject to Change*

Flowers Grasses and Sedges Ferns Shrubs Trees

Flowers

Native Wildflowers

Scientific Name	Common Name	Flowers	Ht.	Habitat	Moisture	Light	Description	2" Pot	3" Pot
Agastache foeniculum	Anise Hyssop	Blue June to Oct	24-40"	Prairie Savanna	MD, M	full sun to part shade	Beautiful 3" flower spikes attract butterflies throughout summer. Excellent cutflower and nice in perennial gardens. Fragrant foliage makes good herbal tea.	•
Allium cernuum	Nodding Wild Onion	Pink July to Sept	12-18"	Prairie Savanna	MD, M, MW	full to part sun	Nodding 2" flower clusters above thin, wispy stems. Edible flower bulbs.	•	•
Amorpha canescens	Leadplant	Blue June to July	18-42"	Prairie Savanna	D, MD, M	full sun to part shade	Long-lived shrub with attractive fine silvery foliage. Slow-growing but worth the wait. Used medicinally by Native Americans. Suited to driest sandy soil.	•
Anaphilis margaritacea	Pearly Everlasting	White June to Aug	18-24"	Prairie Savanna Woodland	D, MD	full sun to part shade	White papery strawflowers produced atop attractive whitish foliage. Nice dried flower and contrast plant in the perennial garden. Host plant for painted lady butterfly.	•
Anemone cylindrica	Thimbleweed	White Late May to July	16-20"	Prairie Savanna Woodland	D, MD, M	full sun to part shade	Thimble-like infloresence held atop slender stems above highly divided basal leaves. Very pretty from summer into fall. Good on very dry sandy soils.	•
Aquilegia canadensis	Wild Columbine	Orange May to June	20-36"	Woodland Forest	D, MD, M	full sun to shade	Free-flowering woodland perennial that forms large clumps with attractive foliage. Excellent hummingbird plant. Often referred to as "honeysuckle."	•
Asarum canadense	Wild Ginger	Maroon May to June	6-12"	Mesic to Moist Forest	MD, M, MW	part sun to full shade	Beautiful forest groundcover with nearly round leaves. Strong ginger fragrance. Unusual flowers held on ground said to be pollinated by beetles. A must for forest restorations and shady perennial gardens.		•
Asclepias incarnata	Swamp Milkweed	Lavender June to Aug	36-48"	Prairie Marsh Lake Edge	M, MW, W	full sun to part shade	Showy plant of moist to wet habitats. Host plant for monarch butterflies, very good nectar source for butterflies and hummingbirds. Great for lake edges.	•
Asclepias syriaca	Common Milkweed	Pink June to Aug	36"-60"	Prairie Marsh Lake Edge	D, MD, M, MW	full sun to part sun	Large leaved, robust plant known for being the larval host for Monarch butterflies. Benefits many other pollinators as well. Easy and fast to establish.	•
Asclepias tuberosa	Butterfly Weed	Orange June to Sept	12-24"	Prairie Savanna	D, MD, M	full to part sun	A must for gardens, producing orange flowers in 3" clusters.Tolerates driest sandy soils. Host plant for monarch butterflies and nectar source for others.	•
Asclepias verticillata	Whorled Milkweed	White July to Sept	12-24"	Dry to Mesic Prairie	D, MD, M	full to part sun	This delicate and fine-leaved plant is rather inconspicuous in the landscape but like other milkweeds it serves as an important food source for Monarch caterpillars. Tolerant of dry soils.	•
Aster laevis	Smooth Aster	Blue July to Oct	20-30"	Prairie Savanna Woodland	MD, M, MW	full sun to part shade	Very showy vibrant blue-flowered perennial. Several cultivated varieties exist, attesting to its beauty. Great butterfly plant and cutflower.	•
Aster lateriflorus	Calico Aster	White Aug to Oct	24"	Prairie Savanna Woodland	MD, M, MW	Full sun to shade	Good for short-height restorations in a variety of soil and light conditions. It is an abundant late-season food source for bees.	•
Aster macrophyllus	Big Leaf Aster	Blue Aug to Oct	8-18"	Savanna Woodland Forest	D, MD, M, MW	full sun to shade	One of the most common groundcovers of northern forests. Broad heart-shaped leaves make an great, fast-growing groundcover for all but the wettest soil types.	•
Aster novae-angliae	New England Aster	Blue Aug to Oct	24-48"	Prairie Marsh Swamp	MD, M, MW, W	full sun to part shade	Nice perennial for moist to wet habitats. Commonly used as a garden perennial and for wet lake-edge plantings. Nectar source for butterflies.	•
Aster oblongifolius	Aromatic Aster	Violet Aug to Oct	12-24"	Dry Prairie Savanna	D, MD	full to part sun	Very attractive low-grower for dry sandy prairies. Common throughout SE to NW MN and SW to NW WI. A must for short prairie restorations.	•
Aster oolentangiense	Sky Blue Aster	Blue Aug to Oct	24-36"	Prairie Savanna	D, MD, M	full to part sun	An aster with one of the truest blue flowers you can find among native wildflowers. Attracts loads of pollinators.	•
Aster umbellatus	Flat-topped Aster	White July to Aug	30-42"	Prairie Lake Edge Swamp	M, MW, W	full sun to full shade	White heads held in a broad terminal cluster. Common plant of moist to wet lake edges and moist to mesic forests. Great butterfly plant and cutflower. Ranges throughout MN and WI.	•
Baptisia alba	White Wild Indigo	White June to Aug	30-42"	Prairie Marsh Lake Edge	D, MD, M, MW	full to part sun	Legume of moist to wet prairies and lake edges. Attractive foliage and flowers followed by pods. Nice in perennial gardens.	•
Baptisia australis	Blue False Indigo	Blue June to July	30-42"	Prairie Savanna	M, MW	full to part sun	Stately perennial with glossy foliage and beautiful sky blue flower clusters. Excellent garden perennial. Native south of our range but tough enough for restorations here in NW WI.	•
Caltha palustris	Marsh Marigold	Yellow May to June	12-18"	Swamp Peatland	MW, W	part sun to shade	Harbinger of spring. Usually associated with peaty ground and some flowing water, but can be planted on any wet ground. Great for pond edges.		•
Campanula rotundifolia	Harebell	Blue June to Sept	16-24"	Prairie Savanna Woodland	D, MD	full sun to part shade	Blue bell-shaped flowers atop delicate, grassy foliage. Great plant for restorations. Common throughout WI in all dry habitats. Shade-tolerant.	•
Coreopsis lanceolata	Lance Leaf Coreopsis	Yellow June to Aug	24-36"	Dry Prairie Savanna	D, MD	full sun to part shade	Wiry stems bearing yellow daisies. Easy to grow on toughest, driest soil types. Very good butterfly plant.	•
Coreopsis palmata	Prairie Coreopsis	Yellow June to Oct	16-30"	Dry Prairie Savanna	D, MD, M	full sun to part shade	Yellow daisies above ferny foliage. Native of driest prairies and bluff communities throughout southern 2/3 of MN and WI. Good for butterflies.	•
Dalea candida	White Prairie Clover	White June to Sept	16-30"	Dry Prairie Savanna	D, MD, M	full to part sun	Dense 2" clusters of small white flowers atop grayish ferny foliage. Very attractive perennial for prairie and savanna restorations as well as perennial gardens.	•
Dalea purpurea	Purple Prairie Clover	Purple June to Sept	16-30"	Dry Prairie Savanna	D, MD, M	full to part sun	Similar to Dalea candida but with purple flowers. Both species are excellent butterfly plants. Used as tea by Native Americans.	•
Echinacea angustifolia	Narrow-Leaf Purple Coneflower	Lavender July to Aug	24-36"	Prairie Savanna	D, MD	full to part sun	Said to be the best of the purple coneflowers for medicinal purposes. Native in Western MN and further west, but hardy in this area. Very attractive with narrow leaves.	•
Echinacea purpurea	Purple Coneflower	Purple July to Aug	24-36"	Prairie Savanna	MD, M, MW	full to part sun	Spectacular display of broad-headed purple daisies. Great for restorations and perennial gardens.	•
Eryngium yuccifolium	Rattlesnake Master	White July to Oct	28-42"	Prairie Savanna	MD, M, MW	full to part sun	Exotic-looking plant that resembles a desert yucca. Bristly white heads and whitish foliage make it a great background perennial as well as a tough fast grower for restorations.	•
Eupatorium maculatum	Spotted Joe-Pye Weed	Purple July to Sept	24-48"	Wet Prairie Marsh Swamp	MW, W	full sun to part shade	Good lake edge perennial with broad flat-topped clusters of purple heads. Excellent butterfly plant. Ranges throughout MN and WI.	•
Eupatorium purpureum	Purple Joe Pye Weed	Purple July to Sept	24-36"	Savanna Woodland Forest	MD, M, MW	part sun to shade	Moist to moderately dry savannas and forests through southern 2/3 of WI and eastern 1/2 of MN. Attractive broad clusters of purple heads. Excellent for attracting butterflies.	•
Euthamia graminfolia	Grass-leaved Goldenrod	Yellow July to Sept	48"	Dry to Wet Prairie	MD, M, MW, W	Full sun	This plant is not really a goldenrod but is an excellent source of pollen for bees. Can be somewhat spreading and aggressive but is very adaptable to a variety of soil moisture conditions and good for restorations.	•
Fragaria virginiana	Wild Strawberry	White May to June	6"	Prairie Savanna Forest	D, MD, M, MW	full sun to shade	Stoloniferous spreading groundcover bears delicious fruit. Found throughout MN and WI ranging from prairies to forests. Widely adapted to dry, moist or even wet soils.	•
Galium boreale	Northern Bedstraw	White June to July	16-24"	Woodland Forest	MD, M, MW, W	full sun to full shade	Common understory species of northern forests in MN & WI. Easy to grow on mesic to dry soils.	•
Geranium maculatum	Wild Geranium	Pink May to June	18"	Woodland Savanna Forest	MD, M	full to part shade	Tolerant to all soils and woodland conditions except deeply shaded situations. Nice perennial geranium with attractive foliage that turns red in fall.		•
Heliopsis helianthoides	False/Early Sunflower	Yellow June to Oct	24-42"	Prairie Savanna Lake Edge	MD, M, MW	full to part sun	Widespread on dry to wet soils. Long flowering period. Suited to all but very shady restoration sites. Commonly used as a garden perennial.	•
Heuchera richardsonii	Alum Root	White May to July	12-18"	Prairie Savanna Woodland	D, MD, M, MW	full sun to part shade	Common through most of WI and MN. Attractive, tough ground cover well suited to dry soils. Quite shade-tolerant. Usually associated with rock outcrops in prairies, woodlands, and forests.	•
Iris versicolor	Northern Blue Flag Iris	Blue June to July	24-36"	Marsh Peatland Lake Edge	M, MW, W	full to part sun	Common on lake margins throughout northern WI and MN. Very attractive, forming large clumps. Some consider this to be synonymous with Iris virginica.	•
Liatris aspera	Rough Blazing Star	Purple July to Sept	18-36"	Prairie Savanna Woodland	D, MD, M	full to part sun	Beautiful purple spikes. Most common liatris of dry, sandy prairies throughout MN and WI. Excellent butterfly plant.	•
Liatris ligulistylis	Northern Plains Blazing Star	Purple July to Aug	24-42"	Prairie Savanna	MD, M, MW	full to part sun	Rosy heads appear in abundance on tall spikes. Beautiful plant among the best to attract butterflies. OK on wet and dry soils.	•
Liatris pychnostachya	Thick Spike Blazing Star	Purple July to Sept	24-36"	Prairie Marsh Lake Edge	M, MW, W	full to part sun	Dense purple spikes. Good for moist and wet restoration sites. Very showy, good butterfly plant. Ranges throughout prairie regions of MN and WI.	•
Liatris spicata	Marsh Blazing Star	Purple July to Aug	24-36"	Prairie Marsh Lake Edge	M, MW, W	full to part sun	Most common liatris for perennial gardening. Grows well in any condition. Perfect pollinator plant. Native into SE WI. Moist to wet soils.	•
Lobelia cardinalis	Cardinal Flower	Red July to Oct	36-48"	Prairie Marsh Lake Edge	MW, W	full sun to part shade	Showy spikes of red flowers are the best for attracting hummingbirds. Suited to moist soils particularly along waterways. Native through most of WI.	•
Lobelia siphilitica	Great Blue Lobelia	Blue July to Oct	20-30"	Marsh Peatland Swamp	M, MW, W	full sun to part shade	Widely adapted to wet and moist soils. Vivid blue and white-striped flowers in terminal spikes. Compact and well suited to perennial gardens.	•
Mertensia virginiana	Virginia Bluebells	Blue May to June	18-24"	Woodland Forest	M, MW	part to full shade	Clusters of bell-shaped blue flowers in spring. Nice woodland wildflower. Dies back by midsummer, but are plantable while dormant.		•
Mimulus ringens	Monkeyflower	Lavender July to Sept	18-24"	Marsh Lake Edge Swamp	MW, W	full sun to part shade	Lavender spikes of 1" snapdragon flowers that look like small monkeys. Compact plants. Excellent for lakescaping.	•
Monarda fistulosa	Bergamot	Lavender July to Aug	36-48"	Prairie Savanna Woodland	D, MD, M, MW	full sun to part shade	One of the most common and widespread native wildflowers. Good in herbal teas. Used medicinally by Native Americans. Moist to dry soils.	•
Monarda punctata	Dotted Mint	Lavender June to Sept	18-30"	Prairie Savanna	D, MD	full to part sun	Fragrant herb with showy dotted multicolored leaves below flowers. Good on dry soils. Used medicinally and in herbal teas. Nice cutflower.	•
Penstemon digitalis	Smooth Penstemon	White June to July	24-30"	Prairie Savanna Woodland	MD, M	full sun to part shade	1.5" white tubular flowers in tall spikes. Good garden perennial and cutflower. Tolerant of dry and mesic soils and a variety of light conditions.	•
Phlox divaricata	Woodland Phlox	Blue June to July	12-18"	Forest	MD, M, MW	part sun to shade	Beautiful fragrant spring wildflower occurring in forests ranging from mesic to floodplain. Excellent for shady restorations and gardens.	•
Phlox pilosa	Prairie Phlox	Pink May to June	18-24"	Prairie Savanna	D, MD, M, MW	full to part sun	Broad heads of deep pink flowers. Very nice wildflower for restorations and perennial gardens.	•
Polemonium reptans	Jacob's Ladder	Blue May to June	18"	Woodland Forest	MD, M, MW	part sun to full shade	Beautiful spring woodland wildflower. Ferny leaves resemble a ladder. A must for woodland gardens and restorations.		•
Ratibida pinnata	Yellow Coneflower	Yellow July to Oct	24-52"	Prairie Savanna	MD, M	full to part sun	One of the more common native prairie wildflowers. Very attractive to butterflies. Greyish foliage makes this a nice contrast plant.	•
Rudbeckia fulgida	Orange Coneflower	Orange-Yellow July to Oct	24-36"	Marsh Lake Edge Fen	MD, M, MW	full to part sun	Beautiful compact coneflower with deep green foliage and 3" orange-yellow heads with brown centers. Parent of 'goldsturm', one of the most popular garden perennials.	•
Rudbeckia hirta	Black Eyed Susan	Yellow June to Oct	24-36"	Prairie Savanna	MD, M, MW	full to part sun	Very common short-lived perennial occurring in a wide range of habitats. Produces lots of color the first year.	•
Rudbeckia subtomentosa	Sweet Black Eyed Susan	Yellow July to Sept	24-36"	Prairie Stream Edge	MD, M, MW	full to part sun	Very attractive yellow heads in profusion atop deep green glossy leaves. Good for restorations and perennial gardens. Native into SW WI.	•
Rudbeckia triloba	Brown Eyed Susan	Yellow July to Oct	24-36"	Prairie Marsh Swamp	MD, M, MW	full sun to part shade	Outstanding coneflower with numerous heads which are smaller than other species, but more abundant. Very nice foliage. Should be grown more widely in perennial beds. Mesic to wet soils.	•
Silene regia	Royal Catchfly	Red June to Oct	18-24"	Prairie Savanna	MD, M	full sun to part shade	Deep red tubular flowers flaring out into a star. Excellent hummingbird plant and garden perennial. Native just south of MN and WI, but hardy in the north.	•
Silphium perfoliatum	Cup Plant	Yellow July to Sept	48-72"	Prairie Marsh Lake Edge	M, MW	full sun to part shade	Impressive sunflower with numerous broad yellow heads. Unusual opposite leaves fuse to make cups which collect water for bird bathing. Birds love it!	•
Solidago flexicaulis	Zig Zag Goldenrod	Yellow Aug to Sept	24"	Woodland Forest	MD, M, MW	part to full shade	Good woodland perennial for restorations. Unique zig-zag stems with scattered yellow heads. Very different than most goldenrods. Moist to mesic soils.	•
Solidago rigida	Stiff Goldenrod	Yellow Aug to Sept	24-36"	Prairie Savanna Lake Edge	D, MD, M, MW	full to part sun	Another goldenrod worthy of growing for its very attractive foliage. Topped with a broad, flat cluster of yellow heads. Adapted to mesic and moist soils. Good garden perennial.	•
Solidago speciosa	Showy Goldenrod	Yellow Aug to Sept	24-36"	Prairie Savanna	D, MD, M	full sun to part shade	Highly recommended for restorations and for perennial gardens. Very showy tall heads above glossy green foliage. Great butterfly plant.	•
Tradescantia ohiensis	Ohio Spiderwort	Blue June to Oct	24-48"	Prairie Savanna Woodland	D, MD, M, MW	full sun to part shade	Forms large clumps creating a very nice display of 1" flowers in heads on top of each stem. Great for restorations and gardens. Moist to dry soils.	•
Verbena stricta	Hoary Vervain	Blue June to Sept	24-36"	Prairie Savanna Woodland	D, MD	full sun to part shade	Spikes of blue flowers above greyish foliage. Adapted to dry, sandy soils. Good butterfly plant.	•
Vernonia fasciculata	Ironweed	Rose-Pink July to Sept	24-42"	Prairie Marsh Swamp	M, MW	full sun to part shade	Broad, flat clusters of pink heads to 5" across. Very attractive to butterflies. Good in moist to wet soils for lake edge landscaping. Wide ranging in MN and WI.	•
Veronicastrum virginianum	Culver's Root	White June to Sept	36-54"	Prairie Savanna Woodland	MD, M, MW	full sun to part shade	Several tall showy spikes on top of each stem make this an excellent tall garden perennial. Attracts butterflies. Good in most soils except extemely dry.	•
Viola pedatifida	Prairie Violet	Blue May to June	4"	Prairie Savanna Woodland	MD, M	full sun to part shade	1.5" blue flowers above deeply clawed foliage. Very nice for edging restoration sites on dry to mesic soils. Also nice for rock gardening. Common in prairie regions of MN and WI.		•
Zizia aurea	Golden Alexanders	Yellow May to July	18-30"	Prairie Savanna Woodland	MD, M, MW	full sun to part shade	Early-flowering plant of mesic to moist habitats with 3" flat-topped heads of yellow flowers. Seed heads that follow are attractive throughout the year.	•
Achillea millefolium	Yarrow	White June to Oct	18-30"	Prairie Savanna Woodland	D, MD, M, MW	full sun to part shade	Attractive, aromatic, ferny foliage. Great component of a no-mow or low-mow lawn. Good butterfly plant. Grows well in a wide variety of habitats.	•
Acorus calamus	Sweet Flag	Yellow July to Aug	36"	Marsh Peatland Lake Edge	MW, W	full sun to part shade	Unusual plant with attractive yellowish foliage and sweet fragrance when crushed. Forms beautiful clumps on lake margins. Great for water gardens.	•
Allium stellatum	Prairie Onion	Pink July to Sept	12-18"	Dry Prairie Savanna	D, MD, M, MW	full to part sun	Attractive plants occurring in dry prairies and on rocky cliff areas. Good plant for tough sites and rock gardens. Ranging throughout MN and WI.	•
Anemone canadensis	Canada Anemone	White May to July	12-24"	Prairie Savanna Forest	M, MW	full sun to part shade	Fine, showy clump-forming plant of mesic to moist prairies, forest margins and woodlands.	•
Antennaria plantaginifolia	Plantain Pussy Toes	White May to July	6-12"	Dry Prairie, Savanna	D, DM, M	full to part sun	Nice groundcover for dry habitats in all but full shade. Attractive white foliage, excellent lawn alternative for tough sites. Ranges through MN and WI.	•
Artemesia ludoviciana	Prairie Sage	Yellow July to Oct	18-30"	Prairie Savanna	D, MD, M	full to part sun	Fragrant whitish foliage makes a nice contrast to green plants. Dry to mesic prairies. Sacred incense and insect repellant of Native Americans.	•
Aster ptarmicoides	Upland White Aster	White Aug to Oct	12-24"	Prairie Savanna	D, MD	full to part sun	Low, spreading plants covered with white heads late summer through fall. Mesic to dry prairies throughout MN and WI. Excellent in short prairies.	•
Aster puniceus	Swamp Aster	Purple Aug to Oct	36-56"	Marsh Swamp	MW, W	full sun to part shade	Common, showy aster of lake edges, swamps, bogs, and fens. Occurs throughout MN and WI.	•
Callirhoe triangulata	Clustered Poppy Mallow	Pink July to Sept	12"	Dry Prairie	D, MD	full to part sun	Thrives in dry, gravely soil and produces exceptionally beautiful magenta-red blossoms. Also known as "Wine Cups."		•
Campanula americana	Tall Bellflower	Blue July to Oct	36-60"	Savanna Woodland	MD, M, MW	part sun to part shade	A biennial so grows quickly and flowers the first or second year and then self-seeds. Tall spires of violet-blue flowers good for quick color in partially shaded restorations and a variety of soil conditions except very dry.	•
Echinacea pallida	Pale Purple Coneflower	Lavender July to Aug	24-36"	Prairie Savanna	D, MD, M	full to part sun	Only echinacea species definitely native to WI. Nice narrow foliage. Heads have reflexed rays ("petals"). Can't beat these for butterflies.	•
Eupatorium perfoliatum	Boneset	White June to Aug	24-42"	Prairie Marsh Swamp	MW, W	full sun to part shade	Nice lake edge plants with flat-topped cluster of white heads. Very nice purplish foliage with opposite fused leaves. Used medicinally to hasten healing of bones. Ranges throughout MN and WI.	•
Geum triflorum	Prairie Smoke	Red May to June	6-12"	Dry Prairie Woodland	D, MD, M, MW	full to part sun	Awesome early-flowering prairie wildflower, great for sandy site restorations and for rock gardening. Hairy fruits remain attractive throughout the year.		•
Helenium autumnale	Sneezeweed	Yellow July to Oct	30-48"	Swamp Lake Edge	MW, W	full sun to shade	Sneezeweed won't make you sneeze - it was used as an expectorant by Native Americans. Gaillardia -like heads in abundance. Good butterfly plant.	•
Oenothera pilosella	Prairie Sundrops	Yellow May to June	24"	Prairie	MD, M, MW	full to part sun	A day-flowering species of the Evening Primrose family. It spreads semi-agressively but can easily be kept under control due to shallow roots. Flowers attract pollinators.	•
Physostegia virginiana	Obedient Plant	Pink July to Oct	24-36"	Prairie Marsh Swamp	M, MW, W	full sun to part shade	Popular garden perennial native to moist prairies, lakeside and streamside wetlands.	•
Rudbeckia laciniata	Wild Goldenglow	Yellow July to Sept	36-48"	Prairie Swamp Lake Edge	M, MW	full sun to part shade	Found throughout WI, primarily in swamp habitats and along lakes and streams, but also in prairies. Good for moist, shaded restoration sites.	•
Solidago nemoralis	Gray Goldenrod	Yellow Aug to Oct	24-36"	Prairie Savannah Open Woodland	D, MD	Sun to part shade	One of the most attractive goldenrods, it has vibrant golden-yellow flowers that are a great source of pollen for bees and butterflies right up to frost. It is also one of the most shade-tolerant goldenrods.	•
Symphyotrichum shortii	Short's Aster	Blue Aug to Oct	36"	Woodland Savanna	MD, M	full to part shade	And easy way to get a profusion of warm-blue flowers in your shade garden or restoration. Similar in use and habitat to Big Leaf Aster, looks great with Zig Zag Goldenrod.	•
Verbena hastata	Blue Vervain	Blue June to Sept	36-48"	Prairie Marsh Swamp	M, MW, W	full sun to part shade	Tall spikes of blue flowers really attract butterflies. Great for shoreland restorations on mesic to saturated soils. Throughout MN and WI.	•

Grasses and Sedges

Native Grasses, Sedges and Rushes

Scientific Name	Common Name	Flowers	Ht.	Habitat	Moisture	Light	Description	2" Pot	3" Pot
Andropogon gerardii	Big Bluestem	Purplish Green July to Sept	36-72+"	Prairie Savanna Woodland	D, MD, M, MW	full sun to part shade	One of the most dominant tall prairie grasses. Purplish foliage creates a nice effect along with turkey-foot-like flower head. Dry to moist habitats.	•
Bouteloua curtipendula	Side Oats Grama	Red-Green July to Sept	18-30"	Prairie Savanna Woodland	D, MD, M	full sun to part shade	Very common species of dry to mesic habitats. Stamens are red, making them beautiful cutflowers when fresh. A must for any open dry site restoration.	•
Bouteloua gracilis	Blue Grama	Purplish Green July to Sept	12"	Prairie Savanna	D, MD	full to part sun	Native through the central Great Plains into western WI. Very good lawn alternative. Low growing, forming attractive clumps.	•
Calamagrostis canadensis	Blue Joint Reedgrass	Straw July to Aug	36-48"	Prairie Marsh Swamp	M, MW, W	full sun to part shade	Fine-leaved grass forms a dense cover on lake margins. One of the grasses displaced by reed canary grass and a good one to plant after nuking RCG. Purplish foliage.	•
Carex bebbii	Bebb's Sedge	Green May to June	24-36"	Marsh Swamp Lake Edge	M, MW	full sun to part shade	Forms dense clumps on moist to saturated soil. Very common in most wetland areas throughout MN and WI.	•
Carex bicknellii	Bicknell's Sedge	Tan May to June	12-24"	Dry to Wet Prairie Savanna	MD, M, MW	full to part sun	Sedge adapted to habitats ranging from dry to moist, usually on rocky, gravelly soil. Forms nice clumps. Found throughout southern 2/3 of MN and WI.	•
Carex comosa	Bottlebrush Sedge	Green May to June	24-42"	Marsh Peatland Lake Edge	MW, W	full sun to part shade	Beautiful clumps of yellowish stems on lake margins. Nodding flower spikes look like a bottlebrush. Excellent for restorations and water gardens.	•
Carex crinita	Caterpillar Sedge	Green May to June	30-42"	Marsh Swamp Lake Edge	MW, W	full sun to part shade	Clump-forming. 4" nodding spikes resemble a caterpillar. Very nice for wet site restorations and for water gardens. Excellent for control of shoreland erosion.	•
Carex gracillima	Graceful Sedge	Green May to June	18-30"	Forest	MW, W	full sun to full shade	Clump forming plant of mesic to moist forests throughout MN and WI. Attractive nodding flower spikes.	•
Carex hystricina	Porcupine Sedge	Green May to June	24-42"	Swamp Marsh Lake Edge	MW, W	full sun to part shade	Very similar to Carex comosa. Very attractive plants for shoreland restorations and water gardening.	•
Carex lupulina	Hop Sedge	Green May to June	24-42"	Swamp Marsh Lake Edge	MW, W	full sun to part shade	Flower spikes resemble hops clusters. Stout-stemmed clump former of a wide variety of wet habitats, including shady swamps. Very good for shady rain gardens.	•
Carex pennsylvanica	Pennsylvania Sedge	Brown May	6-8"	Dry to Mesic Forest	D, MD, M	full sun to full shade	Outstanding, low, clump-forming graminoid with yellow-green foliage. Forms extensive stands in northwoods forests that are extremely attractive. A must for forest restorations in northern MN and WI.	•
Carex radiata	Eastern Star Sedge	Green June	12"	Mesic, Moist Forest	M, MW	full to part shade	Attractive dark green, fine-textured groundcover for rich, moist woods. Not suitable for dry woodlands	•
Carex stipata	Awl Fruit Sedge	Green May to June	16-40"	Swamp Marsh Lake Edge	MW, W	full sun to full shade	Common, coarse clump forming sedge found in a wide variety of wet habitats throughout MN and WI. Very good fast grower. Shade tolerant species.	•
Carex stricta	Tussock Sedge	Green May to June	24-36"	Swamp Marsh Peatland	MW, W	full sun to part shade	Forms dense clumps of closely clustered fine stems in a variety of wetlands and lake margins. Good shoreland and water garden plant.	•
Carex vulpinoidea	Fox Sedge	Green May to June	18-30"	Swamp Marsh Lake Edge	MD, M, MW, W	full sun to part shade	Beautiful clump-forming sedge of lake and wetland margins. Very attractive multi-tiered flower spikes persist through the summer and into the fall.	•
Elymus hystrix (patula)	patula) Bottlebrush Grass	Green June to July	36-48"	Forest Woodland Lake Edge	MD, M	full sun to full shade	Clump forming grass with tall spikes topped with an infloresence that looks like a bottlebrush. A must for forest restorations and shady perennial gardens.	•
Glyceria striata	Fowl Manna Grass	Green July to Aug	24-36"	Forest Swamp Lake Edge	M, MW, W	full sun to full shade	Low clump forming grass common next to small pools in swamps, in moist to seasonally wet forests, and along waterways.	•
Juncus effusus	Soft Rush	Brown July to Aug	24-48"	Swamp Marsh Lake Edge	M, MW, W	full sun to part shade	Deep green wirey stems in large clumps along waterways and in a variety of wetlands. Evergreen plants remain attractive into winter.	•
Juncus tenuis	Path Rush	Brown June to July	to 16"	Wetland Lake Edge	D, MD, M, MW	full sun to part shade	Very common, widespread plant of wet places throughout MN and WI. Nice for restoration site margins. Easy to grow. Forms attractive clumps.	•
Koeleria macrantha	June Grass	Green June to July	12-24"	Prairie Savanna Woodland	D, MD	full sun to part shade	Clump-forming grass, most commonly associated with dry sandy soils. Low-grower suitable for edging native restoration plantings.	•
Panicum virgatum	Switch Grass	Purple June to Oct	36-96"	Prairie Swamp Lake Edge	D, MD, M, MW	full to part sun	Fast growing clump former with attractive open infloresence. Suited to soils ranging from mesic to wet. Good for steep banks and slopes.	•
Schizachyrium scoparium	Little Bluestem	Amber July to Sept	18-36"	Prairie Savanna Woodland	D, MD, M	full sun to part shade	Fabulous ornamental grass native to dry, sandy to mesic habitats throughout the region. Amber foliage maintains color through winter. Forms neat clumps.	•
Scirpus atrovirens	Green Bulrush	Brown June to July	36-48"	Marsh Swamp Lake Edge	MW, W	full sun to part shade	Coarse clump forming plant with nice clusters of small brown heads. Suitable for wet shoreland zones.	•
Scirpus cyperinus	Wool Grass	Brown June to July	36-48"	Marsh Swamp Lake Edge	MW, W	full sun to part shade	Coarse clump former with brown fuzzy heads that appear wooly. One of the most common lake edge species throughout the region.	•
Sorghastrum nutans	Indian Grass	Amber July to Sept	48-72"	Prairie Savanna Woodland	D, MD, M	full sun to part shade	Clump-forming grass of dry, sandy to moist habitats. Very ornamental and suitable for the back of perennial borders. Great plant for a wide range of habitats.	•
Spartina pectinata	Prairie Cordgrass	Yellow Aug to Oct	48-72"	Prairie Marsh Lake Edge	M, MW, W	full to part sun	Rhizomatous grass forming large clumps in sandy soil, usually near the water table, but sometimes under dry conditions. Common shoreland plant in northern WI and MN.	•
Sporobolus heterolepis	Prairie Dropseed	Green Aug to Oct	18-36"	Prairie Savanna	D, MD, M, MW	full to part sun	Clump former with open, fine sprays of flowers. Popular as a garden perennial. Native to dry and mesic prairies throughout the region.		•

Ferns

Native Ferns

Scientific Name	Common Name	Ht.	Habitat	Moisture	Light	Description	3" Pot
Adiantum pedatum	Maidenhair Fern	24"	Forest Swamp	MD, M, MW	part to full shade	Graceful stems with soft highly divided leaves in a U-shaped pattern. Slow-starting but eventually forms nice clumps. Moist to wet forests.	•
Athyrium felix-femina	Lady Fern	36"	Forest Swamp	M, MW	part to full shade	Semi-spreading lime green highly divided leaves make this a very useful ground cover for shady restorations and gardens.	•
Matteuccia struthiopteris	Ostrich Fern	48"	Forest Swamp	M, MW, W	part to full shade	Very attractive with divided, elongate fronds held erect. Unusual fertile fronds emerge from the center in early summer and remain attractive through winter.	•
Onoclea sensibilis	Sensitive Fern	12-24"	Forest Swamp	MW, W	part sun to full shade	Unusual fern with broad green fronds and separate brown fertile fronds that are attractive year-round. Good for water gardens.	•

Shrubs

Native Shrubs

Scientific Name	Common Name	Flowers	Ht.	Habitat	Moisture	Light	Description	1 Gallon	2 Gallon	3 Gallon
Amelanchier laevis	Serviceberry / Juneberry	White April to May	to 12'	Forest Fields Clearcuts	D, MD, M, MW	full sun to part shade	One of the earliest flowering shrubs. Stays lower with pruning. Bears bluish purple berries that are edible and attractive to wildlife. Dry to moist soils.	•
Aronia melanocarpa	Chokeberry	White May	to 6'	Lake Edge Forest Swamp	MD, M, MW, W	full to part sun	Very attractive spreading shrub. Nice clusters of white flowers followed by black berries. Deep red fall foliage. Excellent for wet lake edge plantings. Mesic to wet soil.		•
Ceanothus americanus	New Jersey Tea	White June to Aug	1-2'	Prairie Savanna Woodland	D, MD, M	full sun to part shade	Under-utilized, very attractive low shrub with glossy green leaves and 2" clusters of fragrant flowers. Great for foundation plantings and dry restoration sites. Found on dry prairies throughout the region.	2" 4"
Cephalanthus occidentalis	Buttonbush	White July to Aug	4-8'	Swamp Riparian Forest	MW, W	full sun to part shade	Unique tropical-looking shrub with glossy foliage and attractive flower clusters in summer. Native range limited to southeastern MN and southwestern WI.		•
Comptonia peregrina	Sweet Fern	Brown April to May	1-2'	Pine Forest Savanna	D, MD, M, MW, W	full sun to part shade	Very cool low shrub with serrated elongate leaves that look like fern leaflets. Very pleasant, fragrant spicy foliage had a number of traditional medicinal uses. One of the most under-rated native shrubs.	•
Cornus alternifolia	Pagoda Dogwood	White May to June	to 16'	Forest Swamp	MD, M, MW	full sun to part shade	Very attractive shrub with arching leaves that give the appearance of a giant bonsai. Perfect for the Japanese garden as well as habitat restoration or foundation plantings. Wide ranging in MN and WI.	•		•
Cornus racemosa	Gray Dogwood	White May to July	6-8'	Forest Prairie	MD, M	full sun to part shade	Widely adapted shrub that forms large clonal stands of scattered stems. Good fall color, excellent production of berries. Shade-tolerant.	•	•
Cornus sericea (stolonifera)	Red Osier Dogwood	White May to Aug	to 6'	Forest Wetland Lake Edge	M, MW, W	full sun to part shade	Very common in wetlands along lakes, streams, and rivers, particularly in the north. Red stems are beautiful in the winter. Mesic to wet soils.	•
Corylus americanus	Hazelnut	Purple March to April	6-8'	Forest Wetland Lake Edge	MD, M, MW	full sun to part shade	Growing in popularity as landscape plant due to attractive foliage and fall color. Tolerates dry to wet soils and shade to sun. Very good, fast grower.	•		•
Diervilla lonicera	Dwarf Bush Honeysuckle	Yellow June to Sept	2-3.5'	Woodland Forest Clearcuts	D, MD	full sun to shade	Fantastic low shrub for mass plantings and woodland and forest restorations. Green-bronze arrow-shaped leaves and yellow trumpet-shaped flowers through much of the summer. Dry to moist soils throughout the region.	2" 4" 1G
Hammemalis virginiana	Witch Hazel	Yellow October	15'	Deciduous Forest	M, MW	part to full shade	Fall flowering shrub with attractive foliage. Suitable for mesic to moist forest sites. Highly recommended for woodland restoration.		•
Ilex verticillata	Winterberry Holly	Greenish June	to 6'	Forest Swamp Peatland	M, MW, W	full sun to part shade	Gorgeous in winter. Female plants bear numerous red berries along stems. Excellent lake edge species, but also tolerates most upland soils. Plant at least four to ensure proper sex ratio.	•
Rhus typhina	Staghorn Sumac	Green-yellow July	to 25'	Prairie Savanna Edge	D, MD, M	full sun to part shade	An aggressively suckering shrub great for naturalizing in wilder areas or can be contained by regular removal of sprouts. Beautifully artistic form and texture if left to mature. Dark red clusters of berries stay on all winter & are great food for birds.		•
Sambucus canadensis	Wild Elderberry	White June to July	6-12'	Lake Edge Marsh Swamp	MD, M, MW	full to part sun	Fast-growing shrub tolerant of mesic to wet soils. White flower clusters are followed by deep purple berries. Very attractive and good in jam and wine.	•
Spiraea alba	Meadowsweet	White June to Aug	3-4'	Prairie Lake Edge Peatland	MW, W	full to part sun	Shrub that frequents lake margins on soil ranging from sand to peat and saturated to moderately dry. Very fast growing for habitat restoration. Great butterfly plant.	•
Spiraea tomentosa	Steeplebush	Pink July to Aug	2.5-3.5'	Prairie Lake Edge Peatland	MW, W	full to part sun	Shrub of lake margins ranging from sandy to peaty. Beautiful tall spikes of pink flowers above attractive foliage. Fast growing for shoreland restoration. Good butterfly plant.	•
Symphoricarpos albus	Snowberry	White June	3-4'	Forest Woodland	MD, M	full sun to part shade	Excellent compact shrub for understory plantings and restoration sites. Blue green foliage and abundant white berries are attractive. Found throughout region.	•	•	•
Vaccinium angustifolium	Lowbush Blueberry	White May to June	6-18"	Prairie Forest Peatland	MD, M, MW	full sun to shade	Yummy, fruit-producing, sprawling plants that grow in a range of habitats ranging from dry, sandy pine barrens to saturated peatlands. Wide-ranging in MN and WI.	•
Viburnum dentatum	Arrowwood Viburnum	White June	10-12'	Swamp Lake Edge	M, MW, W	full sun to part shade	Glossy green toothed leaves. Dark purple berries in summer. Nice tall shrub for shoreland planting or as a hedge. Mesic to wet soils.		•	•
Viburnum lentago	Nannyberry	White June	10-15'	Forest Swamp Lake Edge	M, MW, W	full sun to part shade	Tall shrub with excellent purple fall foliage. Blue-black berries are very tasty fresh or in jam. Great bird cover and forage. Mesic to wet soils.	•	•	•
Viburnum trilobum	Highbush Cranberry	White June	10-12'	Forest Swamp Lake Edge	M, MW, W	full sun to part shade	Forms tall dense clusters with maple-like lobed leaves. Broad clusters of flowers followed by red berries that persist through winter for beauty and birds.			•

Trees

Native Trees

Scientific Name	Common Name	Flowers	Ht.	Habitat	Moisture	Light	Description	1 Gallon	2 Gallon	3 Gallon
Acer rubrum	Red Maple	Red April to May	to 50'	Northern Forest Swamp	M, MW	full sun to part shade	Mid- to late successional tree, mostly of the northwoods but also into the deciduous forests of central WI and southern MN. Nice fall color, dry to moist soil.			+
Acer saccharum	Sugar Maple	Yellow April to May	50-75'	Deciduous Forest	M, MW	full sun to part shade	Dominant climax (late successional) tree of decidous forests throughout the region. Best for maple sugaring. Mesic to moist soils.	•		+
Betula nigra	River Birch	Brown April to May	60-90'	Riparian Forest Lake Edge	M, MW, W	full sun to part shade	Cinnamon to reddish peeling bark. Long lived and disease resistant. A very nice tree for shoreland restorations on mesic to wet soils.		•	+
Betula papyrifera	Paper Birch	Brown April to May	to 80'	Forest Swamp	MD, M, MW, W	full sun to part shade	Loved for its white, peeling bark. Gorgeous in clumps on soils ranging from dry to wet. Widely adapted, found throughout the region.		•	+
Carpinus caroliniana	Blue Beech/ Musclewood	Green May to June	10-25'	Mesic to Moist Forest	M, MW	full sun to full shade	Tall shrub to small tree with unique rippled wood that resembles striated muscle. Branches tend to go up and out horizontally like an umbrella. Very nice in the landscape. Widespread in MN and WI.	•		+
Celtis occidentalis	Hackberry	Green May	to 60'	Deciduous Forest	MD, M, MW, W	full sun to part shade	Highly adaptable to a variety of soil conditions and urban pollution, this tree is being used more and more as a street/boulevard tree. Very unique corky bark and an open upright spreading form similar to elms.
Larix laricina	Tamarack	none	40-60'	Swamp Peatland Lake Edge	MW, W	full sun to part shade	The only deciduous native conifer. Soft, light-green needles turn a beautiful gold in fall. One of last to lose leaves. Excellent for lake edge planting as well as in the landscape. Tolerates all but the driest soils.	•	•
Ostrya virginiana	Ironwood/ Hophornbeam	Yellow May to June	15-50'	Rich Forest	MD, M, MW	full sun to shade	Slender small tree of sugar maple/basswood forests. Attractive platey bark and very hard wood. Inconspicuous flowers give rise to a hop-like cluster of fruits that persist into the winter.	•
Picea glauca	White Spruce	none	50-75'	Northern Forest	M	full sun to part shade	Climax species of the northern deciduous/conifer forests into the northern boreal forests. Very attractive tree for restoration and landscaping.
Pinus strobus	Eastern White Pine	none	100-150'	Forest Bluffs Swamp	MD, M, MW	full sun to part shade	Fast-growing, long-lived pine which brought the first wave of European loggers to the area. Beautiful in the landscape. Tolerant to soils from wet to dry.			+
Populus tremuloides	Quaking Aspen	Yellow-Green May	To 50'	Forest	MD,M,MW	full to part sun	One of the fastest growing native trees in northern WI it can put on up to 2' of growth per year. Whitish-grey bark adds interest to the landscape.			+
Quercus alba	White Oak	Green June	to 75'	Forest Woodland Savanna	MD, M, MW	full sun to part shade	Ornamental hardwood valued for its timber and acorn production. Common throughout the region on moist to dry soils.			+
Quercus bicolor	Swamp White Oak	Yellow-Green May	50-60'	Swamp Lowland forests	MD, M, MW, W	full sun	More tolerant of wet soils than any other oak, it also adapts well as a boulevard or shade tree in your average yard. Very similar to White Oak.			+
Quercus borealis	Northern Red Oak	Green June	to 80'	Forest Woodland Savanna	D, MD, M, MW	full sun to part shade	Rapidly growing ornamental hardwood. Best oak for beautiful red fall color. Tolerates moist to dry soils, long-lived.			+
Quercus ellipsoidalis	Northern Pin Oak	Green June	to 75'	Forest Woodland Savanna	D, MD, M, MW	full to part sun	Pioneer species growing following stand removal through fire or logging. Attractive deeply divided leaves and small acorns in abundance. Particularly adapted to dry soils.			+
Quercus macrocarpa	Bur Oak	Green June	70-80'	Forest Woodland Savanna	D, MD, M, MW	full sun to part shade	Climax tree species in drier forested areas across the region. Stately, spreading trees common in savannas. Acorns with distinct fringed cap.			+
Sorbus decora	Showy Mountain Ash	White June to July	10-30'	Woodland Edge	MD, M, MW	full to part sun	Abundant bright red berries develop in late summer and persist into winter. Berries are loved by birds.		•
Thuja occidentalis	Eastern White Cedar	none	to 50'	Swamp Forest Lake Edge	M, MW, W	full sun to part shade	Tree from which many ornamental Arbor Vitae shrubs are selected. Forms an attractive pyramid-shaped tree. Good evergreen privacy screen. Valuable wildlife cover.		•
Tilia americana	American Linden	Yellow June	to 80'	Deciduous Forest	MD, M, MW	full to part sun	A handsome ornamental shade tree commonly found growing alongside maples in Wiconsin's northern deciduous forests.		•	+

+ indicates larger potted trees usually available

D = Dry, MD = Medium Dry, M = Medium/Mesic, MW = Medium Wet, W = Wet

For even more detailed information on a particular plant, the University of Wisconsin-Madison Herbarium site is a fantastic resource. It hosts many pictures and botanical information. http://wisflora.herbarium.wisc.edu

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